公式:be+动词的过去分词
应用范围:表示被动的情况,一般是及物动词有被动语态,切记不及物动词与一些固定词组是没有被动语态的。例如:happen, take place
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。
例如:Many people speak English.
谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
主动态和被动态指的是动词形式,是词法概念;而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构,从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子,而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。
例如:He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)
歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;
主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如:
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made
g690146559jxt| 二级
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时:am/is/are+taught
一般过去时:was/were+taught
一般将来时:will/shall be+taught
现在进行时:am/is/are being+taught
过去进行时:have/has been+taught
现在完成时:have/has been+taught
被动语态例句:
1 The floor was swept. 地板打扫了。
2 The letter was written by him. 这封信是他写的。
3 The glass was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打破了。
4 English is spoken by many people in the world.
世界上许多人说英语。
5 Knives are used for cutting things.
刀用来切东西。
6 English can be spoken by him.
他会讲英语。
7 The work has been done.
这个工作做完了。
8 Apple trees aren't planted in the south.
苹果树不种在南方。
9 This book mustn't be lent to the others.
这本书不应该借给别人。
10 Are they made in China?
它们是中国制造的吗?
11 Were they used for keeping warm?
它们是用来保温的吗?
12 What is the machine used for?
这台机器用来做什么?
13 It is used for making cakes.
它是用来制造糕饼的。
14 Where were the cars made?
这些小汽车是哪里制造的?
15 They were made in China.
它们是中国制造的。
16 The meeting was held last week.
会议上周就开了。
17 She must be taken to the hospital at once.
应该马上把她送进医院。
18 Teapots are used for drinking.
茶壶是饮水用的。
19 The students were given some advice by the teacher.
由老师给了学生们一些建议。
20 Some advice was given to the students.
一些建议给了学生们。
了解被动语态的构成 句型结构
be动词 +动词过去分词(基本结构)
BE动词+ BEING +动词过去分词(被动态的进行时)
注意:一般没有被动态的将来进行时
标签:被动语态,结构